Build your Chrome projects in the cloud, then run them locally.
npm install --save-dev chrome-cloud-build-server
Then, you can add a command to your package.json:
{
"build-server": "./node_modules/.bin/chrome-cloud-build-server -p 8081 -h 0.0.0.0 -d $(pwd)/build"
}
After that, you just need to run that script:
npm run build-server
Now all changes in that folder will be pushed to any connected extensions.