Validate dim_order is a permutation in dim_order_to_stride

[rascani]

Summary

The validate_dim_order function only checked that values were in bounds, allowing invalid inputs like {0, 0, 0} to pass. This caused uninitialized memory access in dim_order_to_stride_nocheck.

Fix by using a bitmask to detect duplicates. Also adds test fixture with runtime_init() for error logging and removes duplicate include.

Test plan

./test/run_oss_cpp_tests.sh

[pytorch-bot]

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🧪 See artifacts and rendered test results at hud.pytorch.org/pr/pytorch/executorch/17314

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❌ 11 New Failures, 2 Pending

As of commit 7621021 with merge base 977a57d ():

NEW FAILURES - The following jobs have failed:

• Build Presets / apple (ios-simulator) / build (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/runner/work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 1
• Build Presets / apple (ios) / build (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/runner/work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 1
• Build Presets / apple (llm) / build (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/runner/work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 1
• Build Presets / apple (macos) / build (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/runner/work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 1
• Build Presets / apple (profiling) / build (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/runner/work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 1
• pull / test-moshi-linux / linux-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command docker exec -t af1405a8125d286fbbc3f6c22fa5eaa0723f5ad906ea167e71fd019eb0d49a9c /exec failed with exit code 1
• pull / test-samsung-models-linux / linux-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command docker exec -t e6ef9031800e053f695410a8996f597c0e0a0d17b496cced7bb7942482d5f806 /exec failed with exit code 1
• pull / test-samsung-quantmodels-linux / linux-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command docker exec -t 88b350bb3c58b839ed39daa677df49d4c29d736cbe29c02f719b2dda8bf631b7 /exec failed with exit code 1
• Test CUDA Builds / check-all-cuda-builds (gh)
  Process completed with exit code 1.
• Test CUDA Builds / test-executorch-cuda-build-12.8 / linux-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command docker exec -t a0e5388068b3f87f0e86cd9e549ad4ed9f248f82429db2be4fd18cb92766cf53 /exec failed with exit code 1
• Test CUDA Builds / test-models-cuda (add) / linux-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command docker exec -t d43577d24e71e8f120a577e9266ab0261106b8245d5ae01bee0b66b4afcf2b1d /exec failed with exit code 1

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[lucylq]

Thanks!

[rascani]

Failures are unrelated.