fix(torghut): repair empty TigerBeetle stable refs

[gregkonush]

Summary

• classify missing, non-object, and exactly empty {} stable-reference payloads without unsupported PostgreSQL JSONB functions
• use PostgreSQL JSONB equality and SQLite exact-object extraction rather than array-length semantics
• replace empty Python mappings while preserving already-populated stable references
• add a regression proving an empty stable reference is repaired and the missing count drains to zero
• replace the prior patch-runner head with direct source commits rebased onto current main

Related Issues

Remediates the unresolved Codex finding on #12818 and the actionable findings introduced on this remediation PR.

Testing

• env LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/workspace/runtime-libs .venv/bin/pytest tests/test_backfill_tigerbeetle_stable_refs.py -q (14 passed)
• .venv/bin/ruff format --check app/trading/tigerbeetle_journal/stable_ref_backfill.py tests/test_backfill_tigerbeetle_stable_refs.py
• .venv/bin/ruff check app/trading/tigerbeetle_journal/stable_ref_backfill.py tests/test_backfill_tigerbeetle_stable_refs.py
• complete required GitHub CI remains blocking before merge

Rollout

This changes the Torghut runtime image. After merge, the multi-architecture image build, digest promotion PRs, Argo sync, migration and TigerBeetle smoke hooks, workload readiness, restarts, logs, and health endpoints must be verified before review threads are resolved.

Breaking Changes

None. Existing non-empty stable references remain immutable.

Checklist

• Testing section documents exact commands and results.
• Screenshots are not applicable; Breaking Changes is filled in.
• Rollout requirements are documented.

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[gregkonush]

@codex address all unresolved current-head review feedback end to end. The branch now uses typed JSONB equality instead of the nonexistent jsonb_object_length, and _backfill_ref must repair rather than skip an empty mapping. Verify and correct this implementation as needed, ensure the PostgreSQL predicate compiles without unsupported functions and the SQLite empty-object execution regression drains to completion, run the focused and full Torghut gates, and push any required fixes to this PR branch.

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