feat: add a predicate for monad morphisms

Cslib.lean

@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ public import Cslib.Foundations.Combinatorics.InfiniteGraphRamsey
 public import Cslib.Foundations.Control.Monad.Free
 public import Cslib.Foundations.Control.Monad.Free.Effects
 public import Cslib.Foundations.Control.Monad.Free.Fold
+public import Cslib.Foundations.Control.Monad.IsMonadHom
+public import Cslib.Foundations.Control.Monad.IsMonadHom.List
 public import Cslib.Foundations.Data.BiTape
 public import Cslib.Foundations.Data.DecidableEqZero
 public import Cslib.Foundations.Data.FinFun.Basic

Cslib/Foundations/Control/Monad/Free.lean

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ Authors: Tanner Duve, Eric Wieser
 module
 
 public import Cslib.Init
+public import Cslib.Foundations.Control.Monad.IsMonadHom
 
 /-!
 # Free Monad
@@ -243,29 +244,44 @@ lemma liftM_bind [LawfulMonad m]
   | pure a => simp only [liftM_pure, LawfulMonad.pure_bind]
   | lift_bind op cont ih => simp [← ih]
 
+/-- A morphism of monads moves inside `FreeM.liftM`. -/
+theorem _root_.Cslib.IsMonadHom.map_freeMLiftM [Monad n]
+    {f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α} (hf : IsMonadHom m n f)
+    (interp : {ι : Type u} → F ι → m ι) (x : FreeM F α) :
+    f (x.liftM interp) = x.liftM (fun op => f (interp op)) := by
+  induction x with
+  | pure a => exact hf.map_pure a
+  | lift_bind op cont ih =>
+    simp only [bind_eq_bind, liftM_lift_bind, hf.map_bind, ih]
+
+/-- `FreeM.liftM interp` is a morphism of monads. -/
+theorem isMonadHom_liftM [LawfulMonad m] (interp : {ι : Type u} → F ι → m ι) :
+    IsMonadHom (FreeM F) m (FreeM.liftM interp) :=
+  IsMonadHom.mk' (liftM_pure interp) (liftM_bind interp)
+
 @[simp]
 lemma liftM_map [LawfulMonad m]
     (interp : {ι : Type u} → F ι → m ι) (f : α → β) (x : FreeM F α) :
-    (f <$> x).liftM interp = f <$> x.liftM interp := by
-  simp_rw [← LawfulMonad.bind_pure_comp, liftM_bind, liftM_pure]
+    (f <$> x).liftM interp = f <$> x.liftM interp :=
+  isMonadHom_liftM interp |>.map_map _ _
 
 @[simp]
 lemma liftM_seq [LawfulMonad m]
     (interp : {ι : Type u} → F ι → m ι) (x : FreeM F (α → β)) (y : FreeM F α) :
-    (x <*> y).liftM interp = x.liftM interp <*> y.liftM interp := by
-  simp [seq_eq_bind_map]
+    (x <*> y).liftM interp = x.liftM interp <*> y.liftM interp :=
+  isMonadHom_liftM interp |>.map_seq _ _
 
 @[simp]
 lemma liftM_seqLeft [LawfulMonad m]
     (interp : {ι : Type u} → F ι → m ι) (x : FreeM F α) (y : FreeM F β) :
-    (x <* y).liftM interp = x.liftM interp <* y.liftM interp := by
-  simp [seqLeft_eq_bind]
+    (x <* y).liftM interp = x.liftM interp <* y.liftM interp :=
+  isMonadHom_liftM interp |>.map_seqLeft _ _
 
 @[simp]
 lemma liftM_seqRight [LawfulMonad m]
     (interp : {ι : Type u} → F ι → m ι) (x : FreeM F α) (y : FreeM F β) :
-    (x *> y).liftM interp = x.liftM interp *> y.liftM interp := by
-  simp [seqRight_eq_bind]
+    (x *> y).liftM interp = x.liftM interp *> y.liftM interp :=
+  isMonadHom_liftM interp |>.map_seqRight _ _
 
 /--
 A predicate stating that `interp : FreeM F α → m α` is an interpreter for the effect

Cslib/Foundations/Control/Monad/IsMonadHom.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2026 Eric Wieser. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Eric Wieser
+-/
+module
+
+public import Cslib.Init
+
+public import Batteries.Control.AlternativeMonad
+public import Std.Do.WP.Monad
+
+/-!
+# (unbundled) morphisms of monads
+
+This file defines predicates on functions `f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α` that preserve functor, applicative,
+monadic, and alternative structure (`IsFunctorHom`, `IsApplicativeHom`, `IsMonadHom`,
+`IsAlternativeHom`, `IsAlternativeMonadHom`).
+
+Rather than assuming lawfulness, they explicitly require compatibility with every operator
+defined by the corresponding typeclasses, with helper constructors that dismiss the derived
+operators when the structures are lawful.
+-/
+
+public section
+
+namespace Cslib
+
+/-! ### Functor Homomorphisms -/
+
+/--
+A function `f` is a morphism of functors if it preserves `<$>` and `Functor.mapConst`.
+-/
+structure IsFunctorHom (m n) [Functor m] [Functor n] (f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α) : Prop where
+  map_map {α β} (g : α → β) (x : m α) : f (g <$> x) = g <$> f x
+  map_mapConst {α β} (a : α) (x : m β) : f (Functor.mapConst a x) = Functor.mapConst a (f x)
+
+namespace IsFunctorHom
+variable {m n p : Type _ → Type _} [Functor m] [Functor n] [Functor p]
+
+attribute [grind .] map_map map_mapConst
+
+private theorem map_mapConst_of_map_map
+    [LawfulFunctor m] [LawfulFunctor n] (f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α)
+    (map_map : ∀ {α β} (g : α → β) (x : m α), f (g <$> x) = g <$> f x) :
+    ∀ {α β} (a : α) (x : m β), f (Functor.mapConst a x) = Functor.mapConst a (f x) := by
+  intros α β a x
+  simp [LawfulFunctor.map_const, map_map]
+
+/-- Construct an `IsFunctorHom` for lawful functors from `map_map`. -/
+theorem mk' [LawfulFunctor m] [LawfulFunctor n] {f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α}
+    (map_map : ∀ {α β} (g : α → β) (x : m α), f (g <$> x) = g <$> f x) :
+    IsFunctorHom m n f where
+  map_map := map_map
+  map_mapConst := map_mapConst_of_map_map f map_map
+
+variable (m) in
+protected theorem id : IsFunctorHom m m id where
+  map_map _ _ := rfl
+  map_mapConst _ _ := rfl
+
+protected theorem comp {f : ∀ {α}, n α → p α} {g : ∀ {α}, m α → n α}
+    (hf : IsFunctorHom n p f) (hg : IsFunctorHom m n g) :
+    IsFunctorHom m p (f ∘ g) where
+  map_map _ _ := by simp [hf.map_map, hg.map_map]
+  map_mapConst _ _ := by simp [hf.map_mapConst, hg.map_mapConst]
+
+end IsFunctorHom
+
+
+/-! ### Applicative Homomorphisms -/
+
+/--
+A function `f` is a morphism of applicatives if it preserves `pure`, `<$>`, `<*>`, `<*`, and `*>`.
+-/
+structure IsApplicativeHom (m n) [Applicative m] [Applicative n] (f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α) : Prop
+    extends IsFunctorHom m n f where
+  map_pure {α} (a : α) : f (pure a) = pure a
+  map_seq {α β} (x : m (α → β)) (y : Unit → m α) :
+      f (Seq.seq x y) = Seq.seq (f x) (f <| y ·)
+  map_seqLeft {α β} (x : m α) (y : Unit → m β) :
+      f (SeqLeft.seqLeft x y) = SeqLeft.seqLeft (f x) (f <| y ·)
+  map_seqRight {α β} (x : m α) (y : Unit → m β) :
+      f (SeqRight.seqRight x y) = SeqRight.seqRight (f x) (f <| y ·)
+
+
+namespace IsApplicativeHom
+variable {m n p : Type _ → Type _} [Applicative m] [Applicative n] [Applicative p]
+
+attribute [grind .] map_pure map_seq map_seqLeft map_seqRight
+attribute [grind →] toIsFunctorHom
+
+private theorem map_map_of_map_pure_map_seq
+    [LawfulApplicative m] [LawfulApplicative n] (f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α)
+    (map_pure : ∀ {α} (a : α), f (pure a) = pure a)
+    (map_seq : ∀ {α β} (x : m (α → β)) (y : Unit → m α),
+      f (Seq.seq x y) = Seq.seq (f x) (f <| y ·)) :
+    ∀ {α β} (g : α → β) (x : m α), f (g <$> x) = g <$> f x := by
+  intros α β g x
+  rw [← pure_seq, ← pure_seq]
+  change f (Seq.seq (pure g) (fun _ => x)) = Seq.seq (pure g) (fun _ => f x)
+  rw [map_seq, map_pure]
+
+private theorem map_seqLeft_of_map_seq_map_map
+    [LawfulApplicative m] [LawfulApplicative n] (f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α)
+    (map_map : ∀ {α β} (g : α → β) (x : m α), f (g <$> x) = g <$> f x)
+    (map_seq : ∀ {α β} (x : m (α → β)) (y : Unit → m α),
+      f (Seq.seq x y) = Seq.seq (f x) (f <| y ·)) :
+    ∀ {α β} (x : m α) (y : Unit → m β),
+      f (SeqLeft.seqLeft x y) = SeqLeft.seqLeft (f x) (f <| y ·) := by
+  intros α β x y
+  let y' := y (); have hy : y = fun _ => y' := rfl; clear_value y'; subst y
+  simp [seqLeft_eq, map_seq, map_map]
+
+private theorem map_seqRight_of_map_seq_map_map
+    [LawfulApplicative m] [LawfulApplicative n] (f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α)
+    (map_map : ∀ {α β} (g : α → β) (x : m α), f (g <$> x) = g <$> f x)
+    (map_seq : ∀ {α β} (x : m (α → β)) (y : Unit → m α),
+      f (Seq.seq x y) = Seq.seq (f x) (f <| y ·)) :
+    ∀ {α β} (x : m α) (y : Unit → m β),
+      f (SeqRight.seqRight x y) = SeqRight.seqRight (f x) (f <| y ·) := by
+  intros α β x y
+  let y' := y (); have hy : y = fun _ => y' := rfl; clear_value y'; subst y
+  simp [seqRight_eq, map_seq, map_map]
+
+/-- Construct an `IsApplicativeHom` for lawful applicatives from `map_pure` and `map_seq`. -/
+theorem mk' [LawfulApplicative m] [LawfulApplicative n] {f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α}
+    (map_pure : ∀ {α} (a : α), f (pure a) = pure a)
+    (map_seq : ∀ {α β} (x : m (α → β)) (y : Unit → m α),
+      f (Seq.seq x y) = Seq.seq (f x) (f <| y ·)) :
+    IsApplicativeHom m n f where
+  map_pure
+  toIsFunctorHom := .mk' (map_map_of_map_pure_map_seq f map_pure map_seq)
+  map_seq
+  map_seqLeft := map_seqLeft_of_map_seq_map_map f
+    (map_map_of_map_pure_map_seq f map_pure map_seq) map_seq
+  map_seqRight := map_seqRight_of_map_seq_map_map f
+    (map_map_of_map_pure_map_seq f map_pure map_seq) map_seq
+
+variable (m) in
+protected theorem id : IsApplicativeHom m m id where
+  map_pure _ := rfl
+  toIsFunctorHom := IsFunctorHom.id m
+  map_seq _ _ := rfl
+  map_seqLeft _ _ := rfl
+  map_seqRight _ _ := rfl
+
+protected theorem comp {f : ∀ {α}, n α → p α} {g : ∀ {α}, m α → n α}
+    (hf : IsApplicativeHom n p f) (hg : IsApplicativeHom m n g) :
+    IsApplicativeHom m p (f ∘ g) where
+  map_pure _ := by simp [hf.map_pure, hg.map_pure]
+  toIsFunctorHom := hf.toIsFunctorHom.comp hg.toIsFunctorHom
+  map_seq _ _ := by simp [hf.map_seq, hg.map_seq]
+  map_seqLeft _ _ := by simp [hf.map_seqLeft, hg.map_seqLeft]
+  map_seqRight _ _ := by simp [hf.map_seqRight, hg.map_seqRight]
+
+end IsApplicativeHom
+
+
+/-! ### Monad Homomorphisms -/
+
+/--
+A function `f` is a morphism of monads if it preserves `pure`, `>>=`, `<$>`, `<*>`, `<*`, and `*>`.
+-/
+structure IsMonadHom (m n) [Monad m] [Monad n] (f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α) : Prop
+    extends IsApplicativeHom m n f where
+  map_bind {α β} (x : m α) (y : α → m β) : f (x >>= y) = f x >>= (f <| y ·)
+
+namespace IsMonadHom
+variable {m n p : Type _ → Type _} [Monad m] [Monad n] [Monad p]
+
+attribute [grind .] map_bind
+attribute [grind →] toIsApplicativeHom
+
+private theorem map_map_of_map_pure_map_bind
+    [LawfulMonad m] [LawfulMonad n] (f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α)
+    (map_pure : ∀ {α} (a : α), f (pure a) = pure a)
+    (map_bind : ∀ {α β} (x : m α) (y : α → m β), f (x >>= y) = f x >>= (f <| y ·)) :
+    ∀ {α β} (g : α → β) (x : m α), f (g <$> x) = g <$> f x := by
+  intros α β g x
+  simp [← bind_pure_comp, map_bind, map_pure]
+
+private theorem map_seq_of_map_pure_map_bind
+    [LawfulMonad m] [LawfulMonad n] (f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α)
+    (map_pure : ∀ {α} (a : α), f (pure a) = pure a)
+    (map_bind : ∀ {α β} (x : m α) (y : α → m β), f (x >>= y) = f x >>= (f <| y ·)) :
+    ∀ {α β} (x : m (α → β)) (y : Unit → m α),
+      f (Seq.seq x y) = Seq.seq (f x) (f <| y ·) := by
+  intros α β x y
+  let y' := y (); have hy : y = fun _ => y' := rfl; clear_value y'; subst y
+  simp [seq_eq_bind_map, map_map_of_map_pure_map_bind f map_pure, map_bind]
+
+/-- Construct an `IsMonadHom` for lawful monads from `map_pure` and `map_bind`. -/
+theorem mk' [LawfulMonad m] [LawfulMonad n] {f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α}
+    (map_pure : ∀ {α} (a : α), f (pure a) = pure a)
+    (map_bind : ∀ {α β} (x : m α) (y : α → m β), f (x >>= y) = f x >>= (f <| y ·)) :
+    IsMonadHom m n f where
+  map_bind
+  toIsApplicativeHom := .mk' map_pure (map_seq_of_map_pure_map_bind f map_pure map_bind)
+
+variable (m) in
+protected theorem id : IsMonadHom m m id where
+  toIsApplicativeHom := IsApplicativeHom.id m
+  map_bind _ _ := rfl
+
+protected theorem comp {f : ∀ {α}, n α → p α} {g : ∀ {α}, m α → n α}
+    (hf : IsMonadHom n p f) (hg : IsMonadHom m n g) :
+    IsMonadHom m p (f ∘ g) where
+  toIsApplicativeHom := hf.toIsApplicativeHom.comp hg.toIsApplicativeHom
+  map_bind _ _ := by simp [hf.map_bind, hg.map_bind]
+
+protected theorem monadLift [LawfulMonad m] [LawfulMonad n]
+    [MonadLift m n] [LawfulMonadLift m n] :
+    IsMonadHom m n MonadLift.monadLift :=
+  .mk' LawfulMonadLift.monadLift_pure LawfulMonadLift.monadLift_bind
+
+protected theorem monadLiftT [LawfulMonad m] [LawfulMonad n]
+    [MonadLiftT m n] [LawfulMonadLiftT m n] :
+    IsMonadHom m n monadLift :=
+  .mk' LawfulMonadLiftT.monadLift_pure LawfulMonadLiftT.monadLift_bind
+
+end IsMonadHom
+
+/-! ### Alternative Homomorphisms -/
+
+/--
+A function `f` is a morphism of alternatives if it preserves `pure`, `<$>`, `<*>`, `<*`, `*>`,
+`failure`, and `orElse`.
+-/
+structure IsAlternativeHom (m n) [Alternative m] [Alternative n] (f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α) : Prop
+    extends IsApplicativeHom m n f where
+  map_failure {α} : f (Alternative.failure : m α) = Alternative.failure
+  map_orElse {α} (x : m α) (y : Unit → m α) :
+    f (HOrElse.hOrElse x y) = HOrElse.hOrElse (f x) (f <| y ·)
+
+namespace IsAlternativeHom
+variable {m n p : Type _ → Type _} [Alternative m] [Alternative n] [Alternative p]
+
+attribute [grind .] map_failure map_orElse
+attribute [grind →] toIsApplicativeHom
+
+/-- Construct an `IsAlternativeHom` for lawful applicatives from `map_pure`, `map_seq`,
+`map_failure`, and `map_orElse`. -/
+theorem mk' [LawfulApplicative m] [LawfulApplicative n] {f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α}
+    (map_pure : ∀ {α} (a : α), f (pure a) = pure a)
+    (map_seq : ∀ {α β} (x : m (α → β)) (y : Unit → m α),
+      f (Seq.seq x y) = Seq.seq (f x) (f <| y ·))
+    (map_failure : ∀ {α}, f (Alternative.failure : m α) = Alternative.failure)
+    (map_orElse : ∀ {α} (x : m α) (y : Unit → m α),
+      f (HOrElse.hOrElse x y) = HOrElse.hOrElse (f x) (f <| y ·)) :
+    IsAlternativeHom m n f where
+  toIsApplicativeHom := .mk' map_pure map_seq
+  map_failure
+  map_orElse
+
+variable (m) in
+protected theorem id : IsAlternativeHom m m id where
+  toIsApplicativeHom := IsApplicativeHom.id m
+  map_failure := rfl
+  map_orElse _ _ := rfl
+
+protected theorem comp {f : ∀ {α}, n α → p α} {g : ∀ {α}, m α → n α}
+    (hf : IsAlternativeHom n p f) (hg : IsAlternativeHom m n g) :
+    IsAlternativeHom m p (f ∘ g) where
+  toIsApplicativeHom := hf.toIsApplicativeHom.comp hg.toIsApplicativeHom
+  map_failure := by simp [hf.map_failure, hg.map_failure]
+  map_orElse _ _ := by simp [hf.map_orElse, hg.map_orElse]
+
+end IsAlternativeHom
+
+/-! ### Alternative Monad Homomorphisms -/
+
+/--
+A function `f` is a morphism of alternative monads if it preserves monadic and alternative
+structure.
+-/
+structure IsAlternativeMonadHom (m n) [AlternativeMonad m] [AlternativeMonad n]
+    (f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α) : Prop
+    extends IsMonadHom m n f, IsAlternativeHom m n f
+
+namespace IsAlternativeMonadHom
+variable {m n p : Type _ → Type _} [AlternativeMonad m] [AlternativeMonad n] [AlternativeMonad p]
+
+attribute [grind →] toIsMonadHom toIsAlternativeHom
+
+/-- Construct an `IsAlternativeMonadHom` for lawful monads from `map_pure`, `map_bind`,
+`map_failure`, and `map_orElse`. -/
+theorem mk' [LawfulMonad m] [LawfulMonad n] {f : ∀ {α}, m α → n α}
+    (map_pure : ∀ {α} (a : α), f (pure a) = pure a)
+    (map_bind : ∀ {α β} (x : m α) (y : α → m β), f (x >>= y) = f x >>= (f <| y ·))
+    (map_failure : ∀ {α}, f (Alternative.failure : m α) = Alternative.failure)
+    (map_orElse : ∀ {α} (x : m α) (y : Unit → m α),
+      f (HOrElse.hOrElse x y) = HOrElse.hOrElse (f x) (f <| y ·)) :
+    IsAlternativeMonadHom m n f where
+  toIsMonadHom := .mk' map_pure map_bind
+  map_failure
+  map_orElse
+
+variable (m) in
+protected theorem id : IsAlternativeMonadHom m m id where
+  toIsMonadHom := IsMonadHom.id m
+  map_failure := rfl
+  map_orElse _ _ := rfl
+
+protected theorem comp {f : ∀ {α}, n α → p α} {g : ∀ {α}, m α → n α}
+    (hf : IsAlternativeMonadHom n p f) (hg : IsAlternativeMonadHom m n g) :
+    IsAlternativeMonadHom m p (f ∘ g) where
+  toIsMonadHom := hf.toIsMonadHom.comp hg.toIsMonadHom
+  map_failure := by simp [hf.map_failure, hg.map_failure]
+  map_orElse _ _ := by simp [hf.map_orElse, hg.map_orElse]
+
+end IsAlternativeMonadHom
+
+open Std.Do WPMonad in
+theorem IsMonadHom.wp [Monad m] [WPMonad m ps] : IsMonadHom m (PredTrans ps) WP.wp :=
+  .mk' wp_pure wp_bind
+
+end Cslib