Audit & improve on-page SEO metadata (per-page meta descriptions, canonical URLs, structured data/JSON-LD)

[jonfroehlich]

Motivation

The sitemap is now live and submitted to Google Search Console (#1252, #1313), so Google can discover our ~718 pages — but a sitemap doesn't affect ranking or how pages appear in results. The on-page metadata our templates emit is where the actual improvements live: accurate search snippets, correct canonicalization, and rich results. This issue audits what we emit today and fills the gaps.

Current state (quick audit, 2026-06-17)

Already in good shape:

• Page titles — 10 of 11 page templates override {% block pagetitle %} (defined in website/templates/website/base.html:107), so most pages get a descriptive … | Makeability Lab title rather than the generic url_name fallback. (Audit should still spot-check title content for uniqueness/length, and catch pages that fall back — e.g. view_project_people.html hardcodes its own <title>Project People Viewer</title>.)
• Open Graph — project.html, news_item.html, and member.html emit a fairly complete OG set (og:title/type/description/image/url, plus article:published_time, profile:first_name). Social-share previews are decent.

Gaps to address:

1. No per-page <meta name="description">. Only one site-wide description exists (base.html:59); detail pages set og:description but not the standard meta description, so Google's snippet source is identical on every page. Add per-page descriptions sourced from real fields (person bio, project summary, news excerpt, publication abstract).

2. No structured data (JSON-LD / schema.org) anywhere (grep for application/ld+json / itemtype returns nothing). Biggest opportunity for an academic lab. Candidates:

   • Publications → ScholarlyArticle (authors, datePublished, venue, PDF URL)
   • People → Person (affiliation, jobTitle, sameAs links to Scholar/ORCID/etc.)
   • Lab/site → Organization / university affiliation
   • News → Article / NewsArticle
   • Listing pages → BreadcrumbList / ItemList

3. No rel=\"canonical\". Especially relevant because the same view is served at both /projects/<name>/ and /project/<name>/ (documented in CLAUDE.md). Without a canonical tag that's duplicate-content dilution. Add canonicals (project pages first).

4. No Twitter Card tags (twitter:card, etc.). OG partially covers Twitter via fallback, but an explicit summary_large_image improves X/Twitter previews. Low priority.

5. Minor / verify: og:description appears more than once in some templates (project.html, news_item.html, member.html) — likely {% if %}/{% else %} branches; confirm they're mutually exclusive and not double-emitted.

Proposed approach

• Audit-first: enumerate every page type and record title / description / canonical / OG / structured-data status in a table (in this issue).
• Then implement in small PRs, each its own branch per repo convention — likely:
  • (a) per-page <meta name="description"> + rel="canonical"
  • (b) JSON-LD for publications + people
  • (c) remaining types (news, projects, listings) + Twitter cards
• Validate with Google's Rich Results Test and the Search Console Enhancements reports after each deploy.

Constraints

• Vanilla Django templates; no new JS frameworks or build step (matches repo conventions).
• Keep markup a11y-correct (overlaps with the semantic-HTML / a11y umbrella Improve accessibility of Makeability Lab website #1240).
• Structured data must reflect real DB fields — no fabricated values.

Definition of done (audit portion)

• A table in this issue capturing current title / description / canonical / OG / JSON-LD coverage per page type.
• A prioritized list of concrete template changes, split into implementable sub-PRs.

Filed as the on-page-SEO complement to the sitemap work (#1252, #1313).

[jonfroehlich]

Largely addressed in 2.12.0 (PRs #1330, #1332).

Done:

• ✅ Per-page meta descriptions — listing pages (People/Projects/Publications/Awards/News) + detail pages (project/member/news).
• ✅ Self-referential canonical URLs (singular /project/<short_name>/, matching the sitemap).
• ✅ Robust Open Graph (og:site_name, og:locale, og:image:width/height/alt) + Twitter Cards (previously absent), all https behind the proxy (Project page social media (opengraph) not working perfectly #1236).
• ✅ JSON-LD: Organization (home), Person with sameAs incl. ORCID/Scholar (member), NewsArticle (news).
• ✅ Added ORCID + Google Scholar fields to Person (enriches Person sameAs).

Remaining / deferred (keeping this open to track):

• ☐ ScholarlyArticle JSON-LD for publications — needs per-publication detail pages first (only the /publications/ listing exists today).
• ☐ Sitemap lastmod completeness polish (minor).
• ☐ Enable SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER so Django sees the real https scheme (supersedes in-app workaround) #1329 — IT enabling SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER to retire the in-app site_scheme workaround.

Can be closed once the deferred items are scoped/split out, if you'd prefer.

[jonfroehlich]

Closing — scope complete

On-page SEO metadata is done. Final status of the tracked items:

Shipped in 2.12.0 (PRs #1330, #1332, #1333): per-page meta descriptions (listing + detail pages), self-referential canonical URLs, full Open Graph + Twitter Cards (https behind the proxy, #1236), JSON-LD for Organization / Person (with ORCID + Scholar sameAs) / NewsArticle, and smarter meta-description fallbacks.

Sitemap lastmod polish → PR #1334 — the static listing pages now emit <lastmod> (the per-object sitemaps already did).

Reassigned / dropped:

• ScholarlyArticle JSON-LD for publications — dropped. It only made sense behind per-publication detail pages, and those aren't worth building: the PDF is the canonical artifact and /publications/ already covers discovery. If we ever want article-level structured data without detail pages, the lighter option is an ItemList of ScholarlyArticle on the listing (each url pointing at its PDF) — a fresh idea if desired, not a blocker.
• SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER to retire the in-app site_scheme workaround → tracked in Enable SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER so Django sees the real https scheme (supersedes in-app workaround) #1329 (IT-blocked).

Closing as complete once #1334 merges.