diff --git a/.github/workflows/cd.yml b/.github/workflows/cd.yml
index f9237c4..9d4d25f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/cd.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cd.yml
@@ -6,7 +6,9 @@ on:
       - stable
 
 permissions:
-  contents: read
+  # `lerna version` pushes the release commit and tags and creates the GitHub release,
+  # so the token needs write access to contents. id-token is for npm provenance.
+  contents: write
   id-token: write
 
 jobs:
@@ -26,8 +28,11 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           git config user.name github-actions
           git config user.email github-actions@github.com
-      - name: 🟢 Ensure Latest npm
-        run: npm install -g npm@latest
+      # npm 12 requires Node >=22.22.2, so `npm@latest` cannot run on the Node 20 pinned
+      # above. npm 11 is the newest line that does, and it supports both provenance and
+      # OIDC trusted publishing.
+      - name: 🟢 Ensure Supported npm
+        run: npm install -g npm@11
         shell: bash
       - name: 📦 Install Dependencies
         run: npm ci --no-package-lock
@@ -35,9 +40,14 @@ jobs:
       - name: 🔄 Bootstrap
         run: npm run bootstrap -- --ignore-scripts
         shell: bash
-      - name: 🚀 Release
-        run: npm run publish:ci -- --provenance
+      - name: 🔖 Version
+        run: npm run version:ci
         shell: bash
         env:
           GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      # `lerna publish` uploads via libnpmpublish@4, which supports neither provenance nor
+      # OIDC trusted publishing, so the upload goes through the npm CLI instead.
+      - name: 🚀 Publish
+        run: npm run publish:ci
+        shell: bash
 
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 184501b..dec91e3 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@
     "format:check": "prettier \"**/*.ts\" --check",
     "prepublishOnly": "npm run build",
     "publish:testing": "lerna publish prerelease --preid=testing --exact --no-git-tag-version --no-push --dist-tag=testing",
-    "publish:ci": "lerna publish -m 'chore(release): publish [skip ci]' --exact --conventional-commits --yes --no-verify-access",
+    "version:ci": "lerna version -m 'chore(release): publish [skip ci]' --exact --conventional-commits --yes",
+    "publish:ci": "./scripts/publish-packages.sh",
     "publish:ci:testing": "lerna publish prerelease --preid=testing --no-git-tag-version --no-push --dist-tag=testing  -m 'chore(release): publish [skip ci]' --exact --conventional-commits --yes",
     "cz": "git-cz"
   },
diff --git a/scripts/publish-packages.sh b/scripts/publish-packages.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..68a44f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/publish-packages.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#
+# Publishes each package whose current version is not on the registry yet.
+#
+# Versioning still runs through `lerna version`, but the upload has to go through the
+# npm CLI: lerna 4 publishes with libnpmpublish@4, which supports neither provenance
+# nor OIDC trusted publishing, so `lerna publish` cannot satisfy npm's requirements.
+#
+# Run this after `npm run version:ci`, from the repo root.
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+published=0
+
+for manifest in packages/*/package.json; do
+  pkg_dir=$(dirname "$manifest")
+  name=$(node -p "require('./$manifest').name")
+  version=$(node -p "require('./$manifest').version")
+
+  if [ "$(node -p "require('./$manifest').private === true")" = "true" ]; then
+    echo "skip     $name (private)"
+    continue
+  fi
+
+  # Lerna versions packages independently, so a release may bump only one of them.
+  if npm view "$name@$version" version >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    echo "skip     $name@$version (already on registry)"
+    continue
+  fi
+
+  echo "publish  $name@$version"
+  (cd "$pkg_dir" && npm publish --provenance --access public)
+  published=$((published + 1))
+done
+
+echo "published $published package(s)"