diff --git a/contracts/settlement/src/errors.rs b/contracts/settlement/src/errors.rs
index d8b29f7d..b7826fc3 100644
--- a/contracts/settlement/src/errors.rs
+++ b/contracts/settlement/src/errors.rs
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ use soroban_sdk::contracterror;
 /// | 24   | InvalidClaimWindow            | Claim window parameters are invalid                    |
 /// | 25   | ClaimWindowClosed             | Developer claim window is not currently open           |
 /// | 26   | MinBalanceViolation           | Withdrawal would leave balance below the minimum       |
+/// | 27   | ReplayDetected                | Settlement claim was replayed or out of order        |
+/// | 28   | BatchEmpty                    | Batch operation received an empty vector             |
+/// | 29   | BatchTooLarge                 | Batch operation exceeded the maximum allowed size    |
 #[contracterror]
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)]
 #[repr(u32)]
@@ -65,4 +68,6 @@ pub enum SettlementError {
     ClaimWindowClosed = 25,
     MinBalanceViolation = 26,
     ReplayDetected = 27,
+    BatchEmpty = 28,
+    BatchTooLarge = 29,
 }
diff --git a/contracts/settlement/src/lib.rs b/contracts/settlement/src/lib.rs
index 2f96d95d..bf3a2cad 100644
--- a/contracts/settlement/src/lib.rs
+++ b/contracts/settlement/src/lib.rs
@@ -196,6 +196,8 @@ impl CalloraSettlement {
     ///
     /// # Validation
     /// All amounts must be `> 0`. Empty and oversized batches are rejected before any state change.
+    /// The contract returns typed errors for empty batches (`BatchEmpty`), oversized batches
+    /// (`BatchTooLarge`), and non-positive amounts (`AmountNotPositive`).
     ///
     /// # Atomicity
     /// All validation runs before any state is written. A failure on any item leaves the
@@ -214,13 +216,19 @@ impl CalloraSettlement {
         Self::require_authorized_caller(env.clone(), caller.clone());
 
         let n = items.len();
-        assert!(n > 0, "batch_receive_payment requires at least one item");
-        assert!(n <= MAX_BATCH_SIZE, "batch too large");
+        if n == 0 {
+            env.panic_with_error(SettlementError::BatchEmpty);
+        }
+        if n > MAX_BATCH_SIZE {
+            env.panic_with_error(SettlementError::BatchTooLarge);
+        }
 
         // Validate all amounts before touching state.
         for item in items.iter() {
             let (_, amount) = item;
-            assert!(amount > 0, "amount must be positive");
+            if amount <= 0 {
+                env.panic_with_error(SettlementError::AmountNotPositive);
+            }
         }
 
         // Replay guard: validate ALL developer HWMs before any state change.
diff --git a/contracts/settlement/src/settlement_tests.rs b/contracts/settlement/src/settlement_tests.rs
index 5ac0ab7b..a284127f 100644
--- a/contracts/settlement/src/settlement_tests.rs
+++ b/contracts/settlement/src/settlement_tests.rs
@@ -2100,7 +2100,7 @@ mod settlement_tests {
 
         let items: soroban_sdk::Vec<(Address, i128)> = soroban_sdk::Vec::new(&env);
         let result = client.try_batch_receive_payment(&vault, &items, &token, &1u32);
-        assert!(result.is_err());
+        assert!(is_error(result, SettlementError::BatchEmpty));
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -2115,7 +2115,7 @@ mod settlement_tests {
             items.push_back((dev.clone(), 1i128));
         }
         let result = client.try_batch_receive_payment(&vault, &items, &token, &1u32);
-        assert!(result.is_err());
+        assert!(is_error(result, SettlementError::BatchTooLarge));
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -2127,7 +2127,7 @@ mod settlement_tests {
         let mut items = soroban_sdk::Vec::new(&env);
         items.push_back((dev.clone(), 0i128));
         let result = client.try_batch_receive_payment(&vault, &items, &token, &1u32);
-        assert!(result.is_err());
+        assert!(is_error(result, SettlementError::AmountNotPositive));
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -2139,7 +2139,7 @@ mod settlement_tests {
         let mut items = soroban_sdk::Vec::new(&env);
         items.push_back((dev.clone(), -1i128));
         let result = client.try_batch_receive_payment(&vault, &items, &token, &1u32);
-        assert!(result.is_err());
+        assert!(is_error(result, SettlementError::AmountNotPositive));
     }
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/contracts/settlement/src/test_error_codes.rs b/contracts/settlement/src/test_error_codes.rs
index 14ce3251..ad06db70 100644
--- a/contracts/settlement/src/test_error_codes.rs
+++ b/contracts/settlement/src/test_error_codes.rs
@@ -31,6 +31,10 @@ fn settlement_error_codes_are_stable_and_unique() {
         (23, SettlementError::OverDraft),
         (24, SettlementError::InvalidClaimWindow),
         (25, SettlementError::ClaimWindowClosed),
+        (26, SettlementError::MinBalanceViolation),
+        (27, SettlementError::ReplayDetected),
+        (28, SettlementError::BatchEmpty),
+        (29, SettlementError::BatchTooLarge),
     ];
 
     let mut seen = BTreeSet::new();
@@ -42,7 +46,7 @@ fn settlement_error_codes_are_stable_and_unique() {
         );
     }
 
-    assert_eq!(seen.len(), 25);
+    assert_eq!(seen.len(), 29);
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -74,6 +78,10 @@ fn error_code_docs_list_every_settlement_code() {
         "| 23 | `OverDraft` | Settlement | Withdrawal amount exceeds the developer's balance |",
         "| 24 | `InvalidClaimWindow` | Settlement | Claim window end timestamp is before the start timestamp |",
         "| 25 | `ClaimWindowClosed` | Settlement | Developer attempted to claim outside their configured claim window |",
+        "| 26 | `MinBalanceViolation` | Settlement | Withdrawal would leave balance below the minimum |",
+        "| 27 | `ReplayDetected` | Settlement | Settlement claim was replayed or out of order |",
+        "| 28 | `BatchEmpty` | Settlement | Batch operation received an empty vector |",
+        "| 29 | `BatchTooLarge` | Settlement | Batch operation exceeded the maximum allowed size |",
     ];
 
     for line in expected_lines {
diff --git a/docs/ERROR_CODES.md b/docs/ERROR_CODES.md
index b1c29daa..7c80498d 100644
--- a/docs/ERROR_CODES.md
+++ b/docs/ERROR_CODES.md
@@ -82,6 +82,10 @@ must not be reassigned once released.
 | 23 | `OverDraft` | Settlement | Withdrawal amount exceeds the developer's balance |
 | 24 | `InvalidClaimWindow` | Settlement | Claim window end timestamp is before the start timestamp |
 | 25 | `ClaimWindowClosed` | Settlement | Developer attempted to claim outside their configured claim window |
+| 26 | `MinBalanceViolation` | Settlement | Withdrawal would leave balance below the minimum |
+| 27 | `ReplayDetected` | Settlement | Settlement claim was replayed or out of order |
+| 28 | `BatchEmpty` | Settlement | Batch operation received an empty vector |
+| 29 | `BatchTooLarge` | Settlement | Batch operation exceeded the maximum allowed size |
 
 ## Revenue Pool